Bias in estimating animal travel distance: the effect of sampling frequency
نویسندگان
چکیده
sampling frequency J. Marcus Rowcliffe*, Chris Carbone, Roland Kays, Bart Kranstauber and Patrick A. Jansen ZSL Institute of Zoology, Regent’s Park, London NW 4RY, UK; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panamá City, Panamá; Nature Research Center, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, 11 W. Jones Street, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Radolfzell, Germany; Wageningen University, Centre for Ecosystem Studies, Wageningen, the Netherlands; and University of Groningen, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Groningen, the Netherlands
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Animal Movement on Line Transect Estimates of Abundance
Line transect sampling is a distance sampling method for estimating the abundance of wild animal populations. One key assumption of this method is that all animals are detected at their initial location. Animal movement independent of the transect and observer can thus cause substantial bias. We present an analytic expression for this bias when detection within the transect is certain (strip tr...
متن کاملSampling designs for xerophthalmia prevalence surveys.
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to estimate the bias and design effects associated with the Expanded Program on Immunization's (EPI) sampling design when estimating xerophthalmia prevalence, and to estimate the savings associated with EPI in terms of distance travelled within selected clusters. METHODS Computer simulation of the EPI sampling strategy was done using maps from a xeroph...
متن کاملEstimating the economic value of Khorram Abad Falak al-Aflak castle by regional travel cost method
Investigating the economic value of tourism areas is one of the topics of interest in studies of tourism economics. Investigating the economic value of recreational areas in terms of cost-benefit policy-making and tourism analysis is essential. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic value of Falak al-Aflak castle of Khorram Abad by regional travel cost method. The research metho...
متن کاملInvestigating the Impact of Tourists' Travel Distance on the Domestic Tourism Demand in Mashhad
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the travel distance of tourists on the demand for domestic tourism in Mashhad. Data used in this research was cross-sectional which includes 1388 domestic tourist families who stayed for at least one night in Mashhad City in 2005. The sample was selected using a randomized stratified sampling method and the data was gathered by a...
متن کاملEstimating animal abundance by distance sampling techniques
Reliable and repeatable methods for estimating animal abundance are fundamental to the effective study and management of New Zealand species. New Zealand scientists and conservation managers currently rely on measures of conspicuousness rather than density for indexing the sizes of many New Zealand animal populations. Distance sampling offers a group of methods which estimate the absolute densi...
متن کامل